Trends

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The research done by (Sims, Tomkins, Judge, Taylor, Jarvis & Gilmore, 2010) revealed interesting trends in England between 1996 and 2006. Social class, employment and parental education influence the rates of SHS exposure.======


 * __Profession:__ Highest geometric mean of continine (major metabolite in nicotine) levels were found in children in households where the the parents were unemployed or were semi-skilled and non-skilled manual labourers. The geometric mean was 2.7 times that of children of employed professionals.


 * __Education:__ Continine levels in children whose parents had no education or qualifications were 3.8 times more than children whose parents obtained higher education and training.


 * __Number of occupants:__ Levels of continine were 1.89 times that in children living in crowded homes. (more than 1.5 people per bedroom) compared to least crowded households (less than 0.5 people per bedroom).